Standardizing Data

Intuition

Its roughly centering data around the origin of the axis. This is achieved by subtracting the mean of the data from each individual observation:

Transformed Values = values – mean/std. deviation

Standardization in Python 3

Python 3 does not have a base way to standardize data, so importing the preprocessing library from sklearn is required as follows:

from sklearn import preprocessing

dataVarStandardized = preprocessing.scale(dataVar)

Standardization in R

The first way to standardize data in R is with base packages:

dataVarStandardized<-data.frame(scale(dataVar)) #

Another way is to

Standardization in SAS

Coming soon …

Standardization in SPSS

Coming soon …

??? Longer Explanation

Mathematics

X*ij = (Xij – Xi)